Lesson 10


QUALITIES OF A CHURCH

Rev. Stanley L. Derickson Ph.D.

COPYRIGHT 2004

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ERRORLESS
(Phil. 3:1-11)

3.1 Finally, my brethren, rejoice in the Lord. To write the same things to you, to me indeed is not grievous, but for you it is safe.
2 Beware of dogs, beware of evil workers, beware of the concision.
3 For we are the circumcision, which worship God in the spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh.
4 Though I might also have confidence in the flesh. If any other man thinketh that he hath whereof he might trust in the flesh, I more:
5 Circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of the Hebrews; as touching the law, a Pharisee;
6 Concerning zeal, persecuting the church; touching the righteousness which is in the law, blameless.
7 But what things were gain to me, those I counted loss for Christ.
8 Yea doubtless, and I count all things but loss for the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord: for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and do count them but dung, that I may win Christ,
9 And be found in him, not having mine own righteousness, which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith:
10 That I may know him, and the power of his resurrection, and the fellowship of his sufferings, being made conformable unto his death;
11 If by any means I might attain unto the resurrection of the dead.

Philippians 3

1. Finally, my brethren, rejoice in the Lord. To write the same things to you, to me indeed [is] not grievous, but for you [it is] safe.

What does it mean to rejoice in the Lord? A phrase that is tossed around a lot in Christian circles and we all know that it is a quick enjoinder to be happy and confident in the Lord, but what does it mean - where does the thought come from?

It relates to a greeting or can indicate great joy. It is in the present tense imperative which indicates a command or something that Paul wanted them to do - not just a friendly greeting in the handshake time at church - something that we are to be doing in our lives as part of our lives.

“Be glad” is another way it is often translated in the New Testament. Be glad in the Lord.

Show joy in the God you serve might be a good way to put it. Be joyful in your everyday life, because of your God.

This might indicate why believers aren't joyful in this life - their Lord isn't Christ but rather material things and they don't have enough of them so they are never happy in their god material things.

He seems to be preparing to repeat something he has said to them before. The term “grievous” can be translated sluggish or slow - he isn't slow in his speech, he is confident it is something he wants to repeat to them. For them it is safe or certain information and it will cause them to be safe and certain.

2 Beware of dogs, beware of evil workers, beware of the concision.

Beware is the term - beware of the following items Paul says and he emphasizes each item.

Beware is a term that relates to using the eye and/or the mind to become knowledgeable or informed of something. It is also a verb in the present tense - a command to continually beware of something.

Many people have good head knowledge of spiritual dangers, but the problem is they don't compare everything that confronts them with their knowledge to see if they should get involved. Many are the times over the years that I have pointed out the wrongness of a teaching or activity, only to be told "I knew that, I just had never thought about it."

Think folks! This is a battle we are in and we are often allowing the enemy to win because we do not take time to apply the truth that we know from the Word.

"Dogs" can mean an animal or can be a metaphor of a man with an impure mind or an impudent man. Impudent means according to Webster "Shameless; wanting modesty; bold with contempt of others; saucy." Beware the person that is shameless, beware the person that has no modesty, and beware the man that has contempt for others. This is the "dog" that Paul had in mind.

Since the term “workers” is used in the next warning this most likely is to be taken as a metaphor. Paul is picturing the false teacher as a dog, something to beware of, to be on your guard about.

Barnes mentions, "The Jews called the heathen dogs, and the Mohammedans call Jews and Christians by the same name. The term dog also is used to denote a person that is shameless, impudent, malignant, snarling, dissatisfied, and contentious, and is evidently so employed here."

"Evil worker" simply is someone that works at evil - indeed "worker" often refers to a worker for hire. This is someone that makes evil their occupation - someone that lives to be evil. The idea seems to be, in my mind at least, someone that is on the side of evil that REALLY works at evil. Not just a lost person, but a lost person that really works at living an evil life. Not just a saved person that is not walking with God, but someone that really works at staying away from God and someone that really works at the ways of the Devil.

"Concision" means to "cut up" or mutilate - it would seem from the next verse that Paul is contrasting the concision to the righteous living people - those that are doing right rather than these that mutilate what is right.

Many there are today that mutilate that which God would have us do in our churches. Many would have us introduce into the spiritual realm things which are definitely aimed at the physical enjoyment area rather than furtherance of our spiritual lives.

Many there are today that mutilate that which God would have us do in our personal lives. Many would have us introduce worldliness into our lives for the sake of a brief experience of fun, of excitement rather than experiencing a close walk with the Lord.

Beware the person that causes division in the church, beware the person that causes division in the fellowship group – just beware of anyone that causes division anywhere in the church.

Beware is the word - how can one beware if they are not in the practice of evaluating those around them as to their correctness. Again, we see that those that tell us not to judge are incorrect. We are to compare the works and beliefs of others against the truth of the Word lest we become one of the dogs, of the concision - one that corrupts the Lord's work.

3 For we are the circumcision, which worship God in the spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh.

"We are the circumcision" identifies the believer as different from the concision of the previous verse. The two words are related, one relating to mutilation and the other to setting apart to God.

Concision is from two words, one to cut and the other is down. Concision would be one that is cutting down that which is good it would seem, or more specifically cutting down God. Circumcision is made of two words the last of which is the same as before - to cut. In the area of circumcision the word is used of cutting away that which is wrong or evil.

You see a contrast, one is cutting down God to make Him less and the other is cutting away of sin to make Him more.

Col. 2.11 speaks to this spiritual circumcision. "In whom also ye are circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, in putting off the body of the sins of the flesh by the circumcision of Christ:"

As the dogs are against God, so we as believers must be the opposite and be pure - ready for God's use.

Barnes suggests that this cutting of the concision is cutting themselves off from Christ - a very true evaluation. This is also in contrast to the circumcision, the cutting off from the Devil and his ways.

One old version translates concision "the men of the circumcision" indicating these were Jewish Christ rejecters - they were of those that worked against the apostles and Christ.

ISBE says of the two words and most likely correctly from what I have seen, "A term by which Paul contemptuously designates the merely fleshly circumcision upon which the Judaizers insisted as being necessary for Gentile converts (Phi. 3:2), as distinguished from peritome, the true circumcision."

Robertson mentions the verb form of concision is always used in the LXX of mutilations in the Old Testament.

We "worship God in the spirit" - the word worship relates to service for hire. Now, we probably wouldn't want to apply that to our relationship to God would we. We are to serve Him as one that is hired - doing what He desires us to do would be the thought. Not a pleasant prospect for many believers today.

The word can relate to the priest that goes about his duties as priest. Hummm, we are each believer priests - might well relate to our every day life with the Lord - serve Him in spirit.

The term spirit speaks to the spiritual side of our being, that part that pays attention to God. We serve Him in the spirit - we serve Him with our inner man.

It is of interest to me that many there are today that worship in the body rather than in the spirit. They serve God with their body but not their spirit - they get themselves all worked up in the physical and get excited and fulfilled in the physical but leave the spiritual to atrophy.

We "rejoice in Christ Jesus" or boast in Christ Jesus, or give glory to Christ Jesus - we are to offer Him the glory due him in our everyday life. We serve Him spiritually and we should declare him verbally - declare Him our Savior, our Supporter, and our Supreme.

We "have no confidence in the flesh" is simply saying that we don't place our confidence in what we can do in and of ourselves.

Confidence is simply the idea of being persuaded that something is correct. We are not persuaded that we can in and of ourselves do things that need to be done. Yes, we can preach and minister, but if we attempt to do it without the Lord we will quite possibly fail.

How does this relate to the pastors you have met that are going to build "their" church, that are going to bring hundreds into "their church" etc. They may be successful, but they may also be a failure in their "success" which they have accomplished in their flesh.

I once sat in a pastor’s office and as he looked out the window he declared, “This is my little corner of the world. This is MY church.” My heart sank to think of the man’s arrogance and pride. He split the church within months and was later forced to leave that church.

4. Though I might also have confidence in the flesh. If any other man thinketh that he hath whereof he might trust in the flesh, I more:

Paul continues his line of thought relating to confidence in the flesh - in what you are and what you can accomplish - with the thought that if there is anyone that should be able to do something in the flesh successfully it should be him - a man above most men in background and education.

He lists his background as a Jew, as a leader and as a zealot for the Lord - if anyone could accomplish something it should be him, but he counts all that he was able to accomplish before Christ as loss.

Many there are that trust in their background or their education to produce "fruit" for the Lord, but it would seem from this statement of Paul's that all that will be loss unless Christ is in the mix.

5 Circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, [of] the tribe of Benjamin, an Hebrew of the Hebrews; as touching the law, a Pharisee;

He was about as classy a Jew as you could find - he was subjected to the law, he was born into the right family and he was in the right group - what more could you want.

In today's context a man that was made to go to church from birth, was raised in a preacher’s family, went to Dallas Seminary and became a leader in the "in" movement. Paul says even this kind of man cannot do anything for the Lord in the flesh!

Sorry if I burst any bubbles! No matter how educated, no matter how well raised, no matter how high up you might think you are you are creating loss if you are operating in the flesh.

6 Concerning zeal, persecuting the church; touching the righteousness which is in the law, blameless.

He states that he was zealous in his persecution of the church and he was blameless - what more could you want in a perfect Jew, yet even he cannot accomplish anything in the flesh.

It might be noted that he is listing his persecution of the church as a positive in his Jewishness. One might wonder where in the Old Testament there is indication that he should have been out persecuting the ungodly (Christians).

I would assume that he would base this on the fact that the Israelites were to clean the pagans out of the land before they settled into possessing the land. He was operating in the land of the Jews to rid it of these new pagans.

7 But what things were gain to me, those I counted loss for Christ.

It would seem that Paul may have some amount of pride in who and what he was before he met the Lord yet he knows it was all in the flesh, nothing having been done that would be a credit to his account.

I John speaks to this concept of who and what you are - or more specifically what you think you are. I John 2.15 "Love not the world, neither the things [ that are ] in the world. If any man love the world, the love of the Father is not in him. 16 For all that [ is ] in the world, the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not of the Father, but is of the world. 17 And the world passeth away, and the lust thereof: but he that doeth the will of God abideth for ever."

No clearer statement is needed - the flesh will pass away, but the spiritual end of things will continue on with God. Our labor for and by God is the only labor that will last.

No matter how hard we struggle, work, moan and groan to build a church or a ministry, all will pass away that is built by our own power and might - only that which God was involved in will survive into God's Kingdom for eternity.

So, why do so many struggle for numbers, for programs, for whatever pastors are struggling for these days? If they would sit back, relax and allow God to build His church His way all would survive into the afterlife. It seems like such a simple plan to me, but man tends to make everything complicated.

8 Yea doubtless, and I count all things [but] loss for the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord: for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and do count them [but] dung, that I may win Christ,

Paul tells it like it is - give up everything you have and serve Christ - all will be gone, but it would all have been worthless anyway so there was no real loss to the one living for God.

Specifically he was speaking of who he was as a Jew, but the application is clear that as we give up what is ours, be it position or material things, we will become much better off in the spiritual realm as we seek to serve God.

I throw all pennies into a jar and when the grandkids come I give them to the kids - pennies are a total loss to me, they are a waste of my time - they are loss to me - worthless and I don't even miss them!

Dung is rather clear, but the thought is anything that is waste, that is cast off, that is worthless, that is detestable. Not only is it worthless, but it is detestable as well. Now in our modern day he is saying that our neat car is detestable, our new flat-screen television is a waste, and that our new computer is something that should be cast off. Does that make it more real for you now? I trust that we will learn this concept of Paul's to our own betterment in eternity.

9. And be found in him, not having mine own righteousness, which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith:

He seems to define what he has been saying - he wants the righteousness brought to him by Christ's work on the cross through faith rather than his own righteousness earned by works under the law.

We know that lost people can live very moral and good lives, but we also know that without Christ they are still lost. No works of good or righteousness will gain any person heavenly standing with God -- yet so many attempt to do just this.

My father told me on his death bed that he had tried to do good all his life and hoped that he had done enough good to make it into heaven. Of course I encouraged him to trust in the works of Christ rather than his own, but only Christ knows if that change of mind ever happened.

10 That I may know him, and the power of his resurrection, and the fellowship of his sufferings, being made conformable unto his death;

“That I may know him.” In a sense the following phrases in the verse define this knowing.

How can we know Christ?

a. Reading the Word. The Old Testament offers a lot of insight into the Lord through prophecy, through knowledge of the Angel of the Lord, which was Christ pre-incarnate, and through general knowledge of God.

He is to be known certainly in the Gospels which are an account of His life and work. Also the epistles define Him and His work doctrinally.

b. We can know Him by prayer, by considering our knowledge of Him and using that knowledge in prayer.

c. We can know Him by learning of Him in the church meetings - worship services, Bible studies, and Sunday school classes.

We can know Him by keeping company with Him. As we walk through life, if we know He is along side it will limit our sinful ways.

“That I may know the power of his resurrection.” Power is the word "dunimas" which gives us the word dynamite. There are several aspects to this word that seem to relate here.

a. Power that is inherent due to the nature of the thing - here a person. This is directly related to the next point. Christ's nature dictates His power.

b. That which a person puts forth. Being God, Christ is power - He is all powerful.

c. Power for miracles. Certainly this power was evident in the life of Christ while He was here on earth.

One only has to read the Gospels to find miracle after miracle that was done by the Lord via the power of the Holy Spirit.

d. Moral power or excellence of soul. Just remind yourself of the cleansing of the temple - this one occasion is a display of Christ's moral power and the work of the cross gives testimony of his excellence of soul.

e. Power that is derived by wealth. Though Christ did not display this wealth, He certainly knew of it - He knew the offer of the Devil to give Him the kingdom's of the world was a false promise - the Kingdom's were already His to command.

There is no power superior to that of Almighty God.

f. Power that is derived by numbers. This relates to the next point also - power in armies.

The shear numbers of Christ's angelic army as well as His army of brothers/sisters will one day be seen by all existing beings and that power will be staggering - this Power of Christ will cause all to know that He truly is Lord of All.

g. Power existing in or upon armies.

“That I may know the fellowship of his sufferings.” In other books Paul is clear that he felt his own personal suffering was due to his relationship to Christ and that it was a suffering that all believers are to expect if they walk with him.

“Being made conformable unto his death.” This means that we are going to be conformed or given the same form as - we will die as He did, though without the sting of sin.

This may be partly where the thought that we die with Him comes from. We are conformed to His death, thus the preceding can be true.

11 If by any means I might attain unto the resurrection of the dead.

Paul's whole life was an effort to be worthy of all that Christ had done for him so many years earlier.

The resurrection of the dead is the goal of every one of us - it is based squarely on the resurrection of Christ. If He didn't then we won't.

The phrase "might attain" is an aorist tense thus a one time occurrence - he isn't straining to attain and keep over and over again, but to attain once and for all. Some might suggest that he was working for what he perceived to be on again/off again but that cannot be the interpretation here.

APPLICATION:

1. In verses two and three Paul mentions repeating himself. We might assume that he speaks of his warnings of those that are teaching incorrectly, but still are giving the gospel (1.14ff). Barnes assumes a little more and states "He warns them against the Jewish teachers who urged the necessity of complying with the Mosaic laws, and who appear to have boasted of their being Jews, and to have regarded themselves as the favourites of God on that account, Php 3:2,3."

I don't know that we can understand this much from the information given, but Barnes could well be correct. In light of Paul's use of the concision/circumcision we might think that he may have been taking a verbal jab at them if Barnes is correct and they were Judaizers.

Just imagine being one that thinks circumcision is required for salvation and Paul saying, you are the concision - the mutilators while we are the circumcision. I suspect that they received the point given. And then to make the point even stronger Paul tells them that he has given all that circumcision stuff up as worthless and offensive.

2. Verse two mentions we are to beware of the dogs. This had a much more terse meaning and implication to the Jew in that the Old Testament Jew held someone that was contemptible and filthy as a dog - someone that you came at with a stave to keep it away.

Dogs were also used as watch dogs in that day. They would be chained to the door way to protect. Years ago we had a little neighborhood mechanic that I took our car to from time to time. One morning early I was to drop the car off before opening and drop the keys through the mail slot in the door. The slot was down low, about a foot from the ground. I had to kneel down to slide the keys into the slot and as I did there was a loud crash on the door from the inside. I looked up and was face to face with a big Doberman with his pearly whites out for inspection. I had not heard a thing, just the crash as he slid into the door.

This is more the thought of Paul when he uses the term.

Today we conjure up in our minds this fluffy white ball of fur that sits in a tea cup or maybe as that big lumbering and loveable lab that licks our face. We like dogs, we pamper dogs, we treat dogs as if they were our direct offspring. The Jews saw dogs as the scum of society, something despicable.

No, don't treat false teachers as you treat Muffy when you get home from a shopping trip, treat them as what they are - offensive, dangerous and to be avoided.

Christ used the same term in Matt. 7.6 "Give not that which is holy unto the dogs, neither cast ye your pearls before swine, lest they trample them under their feet, and turn again and rend you."

3. We might speak of zeal for a moment. Zeal is a four letter word, but it is not a four letter word if you get my drift. It is not a dirty word. Zeal is a proper element in the Christian life, not something to be shunned as the plague.

Zeal is doing something with the excitement with which it ought to be done. It is doing something the best way that you can, it is doing it with pleasure and accuracy.

Take a concordance and just look through the Word of God and see how the term is used. It should be pointed out that you can be zealous for the wrong cause as Paul was before his conversion. However, his zeal for God did not change, it just was redirected to the proper aim.

I have a study on zeal on my website if you want to dig deeper. (http://www.mrdsnotes.com)

4. Relating to "fellowship of his suffering" in verse ten Barnes comments quite adequately "And the fellowship of his sufferings. That I may participate in the same kind of sufferings that he endured; that is, that I may in all things be identified with him. Paul wished to be just like his Saviour. He felt that it was an honour to live as he did; to evince the spirit that he did, and to suffer in the same manner. All that Christ did and suffered was glorious in his view, and he wished in all things to resemble him. He did not desire merely to share his honours and triumphs in heaven, but, regarding his whole work as glorious, he wished to be wholly conformed to that, and, as far as possible, to be just like Christ. Many are willing to reign with Christ, but they would not be willing to suffer with him; many would be willing to wear a crown of glory like him, but not the crown of thorns; many would be willing to put on the robes of splendour which will be worn in heaven, but not the scarlet robe of contempt and mockery. They would desire to share the glories and triumphs of redemption, but not its poverty, contempt, and persecution. This was not the feeling of Paul. He wished in all things to be just like Christ, and hence he counted it an honour to be permitted to suffer as he did."

5. In verse one Paul mentions, "To write the same things to you." It has been mentioned that he was repeating something within the letter. This is possible or there are other possibilities as well. Some suggest that he was repeating something he had taught them while with them. Others suggest that he is repeating something he had written to them in another letter in the past or possibly that it was something to another church that they might have read.

All are possibilities, but it seems consistent to relate the phrase back to prior information within this letter.

No matter which of the possibles you like best, you need to admit that he was using a good teaching principle. Repetition is always good. Some wise person in ages past suggested you tell em what yer gunna tell em, then you tell em what you want tu tell em, then you tell em what yu just told em.

This is a good teaching principle. This is not to say that you need to repeat a teaching 2523 times in a two year period. I've heard some preachers that just repeat their rhetoric over and over, just interjecting a new verse or new illustration from time to time and change the order of their sound bites.

It is as though they memorized their 3001 sound bites in Bible college or seminary and have been repeating them in assorted orders ever since. This isn't preaching the Word of God from the pulpit, it is boredom on a stick. If you ever look around a congregation and see the glazed looks on all the faces you may know what is going on.

6. It has been said more than a multitude of times that you shouldn't be negative in your preaching and teaching. This may be true, but there MUST be some negativity if we are going to WARN the sheep about the wolves.

I have been in churches for two or three years and never hear anything negative about the isms of the day. Do you suppose this is why the Mormon cult is pretty much accepted as mainline Christian today by many Christians? If you don't know a group is doctrinally unsound, how will you know? Most pastors/teachers either assume their students are getting the needed information on their own, or they just don't care about the sheep.

When the Moonies were just getting underway, I was teaching what they were about, what they were teaching, and why their doctrine should be rejected. I have never heard anyone preach against any of the mainline cults in churches I have attended. It has been noted that many Christians are being sucked into the cults - need we wonder why? No, the sheep have not been warned of the isms of our age and so they fall into their clutches due to the failure of their shepherd.

Reports state that the majority of new Mormons are "Christians" of one sort or another. This is not the model that Paul sets forth. All through his epistles he is warning others of the false teachers of their own day. He did not pull punches, he named them for what they were - DOGS. How dare we do less? Yep, he were one negative apostle! THANKS Paul!

7. We saw that Paul was quite open about his past and was in other portions of the Word as well. He made no attempt to hide his pre-salvation life. He readily acknowledged his former life and the fact that he had made a total change in direction.

Why is it so hard for Christians to admit that they are wrong? Why is it that some will lie to the end to prove themselves right, when they probably know they are not? Why are Christians so reticent to simply admit that they are wrong on a topic and move to the proper position?

I have seen people argued into the ground on different topics over the years and they will make no attempt to admit they might be wrong, indeed they will usually begin attacking their opponent personally to draw attention away from their failing.

With all the controversy over doctrine that has occurred over the centuries you would think that we would have come to the realization that we ought to leave ourselves some leeway to admit wrong beliefs when necessary.

We all have changed positions from time to time if we are honest about our Bible study. None of us can know everything there is to know of the Word, so why would we not think that we might have wrong ideas about it now and then and want to correct our belief system when necessary?

A few thoughts might be appropriate here.

a. If a church leadership finds that their pastor has shifted a little in his theology it is a trip to his next church for him. If a major shift is present, yes a trip might be appropriate, but for changing smaller doctrines, why not allow for a difference of opinion instead of making him keep his thoughts secret.

b. When a pastor/teacher finds that a student disagrees with him on a point, why do most blast the incorrect thinker into the neighboring church - there are differences and we need to acknowledge those differences.

Years ago I had the privilege of assisting in a small church with a friend. He was pastor and I assisted and taught Sunday school. We knew we had differences and did not choose to force them. When we preached or taught in an area of difference we usually gave both positions and reasons for and against both and moved on. These were no areas where anything major was involved and we made a fairly good team over the months.

c. Some pastors tend to have a set number of doctrines that must be followed or you are not as spiritual as they. This leads church members to either not talk about some beliefs or else find another church.

We really need to get over ourselves and realize there are differences of opinion and that we were not declared the authority by God. Allow for the small differences and get along would be the implication.

8. The LIFE APPLICATION BIBLE observed of the Judaizers that they required Gentiles to become Jews (Circumcision) before they could become Christians. That is rather easy to see from their point of view. If they had not been taught properly, it might be an easy conclusion to jump to.

The question might come to mind, do we in 2007 require people to become Baptists or Presbyterians, or some other denomination before they become Christian? It has been observed many times that many in our churches are not Christians. Is this not indication that we are indeed requiring adherence to our own set of doctrines before they become Christians?

A Baptist Bible college president many years ago observed in a chapel session that Baptists do not believe in baptismal regeneration, but that many of the churches practiced it. Often the emphasis on baptism hides the simple gospel of Christ that we are called to preach.

May we be very careful to require the gospel response before we require the denominational response lest we become as the Judaizers in method.

We met a Jewish woman that had some serious health issues. She had become a Christian via a Baptist minister some months before. She was having some real spiritual struggles and had many questions. She finally became entangled in the Charismatic movement and went off into the sunset seeking "THE BAPTISM" and we just kept answering her questions from the Word.

One evening she called and was so excited. She wanted us to drive down and let her tell us the big news. We loaded the kids into the car and drove down assuming we were about to find out that she had gotten the baptism.

When we arrived she was so excited she was bouncing off the walls. "I got save last night!" was her big news, rather than the "baptism." We asked what had happened and she said that she had been searching for something and thought it was the baptism but instead she needed Christ.

She was not overly appreciative of the Baptist minister that had talked to her about the gospel. She said that she didn't really understand what Christ was all about, that she had never really understood Christ and her need for salvation.

He had made her a Baptist but had failed in the important part, making her a Christian.

May we be very clear in our presentation of the Gospel! It is the only message that can save and we need to deliver it clearly so that people understand it is about Christ, not our particular version of Christianity.

9. One might wonder at Paul's use of the term circumcision when speaking of New Testament believers and contrasting it to the Jews of the Old economy living in his day. Is he saying that we are the true circumcision, those that are circumcised of the heart? Many commentaries state this. They were Jews according to the old ways but we are the true circumcision.

If that is what he was saying and it seems clear that it was, then does in not follow that the Old Testament saint had some serious deficiencies in the spiritual realm. Not that they were not going to be finally saved by God, but that they were not there yet, that they needed that saving knowledge of Christ. Or was Paul speaking to their lostness because they were counting on salvation due to their works of the law? It is most likely the later, but there is a truth that the Old Testament saint may have been lacking in a spiritual manner as well. They did not receive the Holy Spirit, the Spirit did not indwell them, and they were not ushered into heaven upon death - they were sent to Abraham's bosom. (Luke 16)

If this is true, then the theory I suggest in one of my books might well have basis right here. That thought that the Old Testament saints were not regenerated upon belief, that they could only be regenerated after the work of Christ on the cross. Those Old Testament saints that were dead at the resurrection were finally completed in their salvation while living Jews were required to make that decision about Christ. Many of the Jews of Christ's time were Jews in name only, not really following the Law.

It seems this passage may be indication of this line of thinking.

10. This passage and related passages of Paul's past and conversion might be handy to read to a Jewish person that was considering Christ. If this man, a Jew from every angle, accepted Christ then there might be reason to give serious consideration to Christ's claims. Other passages listed by Life Application Bible " No Judaizer could boast of traveling hundreds of miles in order to find Christians, bring them back in chains to Jerusalem, and cast a vote for their deaths (Ac 9:1-2; 22:3-5;  26:9-11). No Judaizer had stood by holding the coats of those who stoned an early Christian leader (Ac 7:59- 8:1). Paul persecuted the church because he thought that Christianity was heretical and blasphemous. Jesus did not meet the expectations of what the Messiah would be like, so Paul and many Jews with him had assumed that Jesus' claims were false—and therefore wicked (Ac 26:9)."

11. Almost all commentaries suggest that these dogs were Judaizers and they may have been, however I am somewhat doubtful in that the Judaizers were preaching a gospel of "become a Jew then you can become a Christian" which is not a valid gospel.

It is possible that these dogs and the mutilators were a different group than those that Paul spoke of earlier in the book that were preaching the Gospel for a wrong motive.